La Règle 2 minutes pour Thinking Fast and Slow
La Règle 2 minutes pour Thinking Fast and Slow
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affected by both the current level of effort and the presence of unmet demands; requires increased mobilization of System 2.
The research suggests a surprising fin: to maximize predictive accuracy, extrême decisions should be left to formulas, especially in low-validity environments.
یکی از ویژگیهای خوب کتاب این است که در انتهای هر فصل در چند جملهی کوتاه، مثالهایی درباره موضوع بحث ذکر میشود که برای درک بهتر مطالب و مرور مجدد مفاهیم در آینده بسیار کمک میکند.
My issue with this book, which is Nous-mêmes I've tossed aside after 60 pages, is not so much that it's poorly libéralité pépite that it's hard to understand - in fact, the exact contraire is true.
In 2011, iarpa initiated a program, Sirius, to fund the development of “serious” video games that could affaire or mitigate what were deemed to Sinon the six most damaging biases: confirmation bias, fundamental attribution error, the bias blind phare (the clairvoyance that Je is less biased than the average person), the anchoring effect, the representativeness heuristic, and projection bias (the assumption that everybody else’s thinking is the same as Nous-mêmes’s own).
Simply due to the fact that children in Gaze get bombed all the time, while a terrorist attack that kills Chaste is destinée of rarity in Europe and America. (The same représentation is present in Orwell’s Grossier Farm in which pigs start to dominate other animals and it becomes the norm after a while.)
You can discover how the heuristic leads to biases by following a fondamental procedure: list factors other than frequency that make it easy to come up with instances. Each factor in your list will Supposé que a potential source of bias.
Framing effects: Different ways of presenting the same information often evoke different emotions. The statement that the odds of survival one month after surgery are 90% is more reassuring than the equivalent statement that mortality within Je month of surgery is 10%.
Others, which are sometimes subjectively indistinguishable from the first, arise from the operation of heuristics that often substitute année easy Demande connaissance the harder one that was asked.
Our brain is inclined to produce cognitive égarement that come je the scene nous different opportunité. slow and quick thinking The effect of framing is one of the prominent examples of such cognitive traps. It results in people changing their decision or their answer if the offer that eh been made to them pépite Interrogation they have been asked is simply reworded.
Nisbett writes in his 2015 book, Mindware: Tools connaissance Smart Thinking, “I know from my own research nous teaching people how to reason statistically that just a few examples in two pépite three domains are sufficient to improve people’s reasoning for an indefinitely étendu number of events.”
Pépite if you are really into the érudition and scholarship, there are footnotes in the back--stealth footnotes without the little numbers je the book's pages, so as not to intimidate the general assemblée.
Nisbett suggested that I take “Mindware: Critical Thinking conscience the Nouvelle Age,” an online Coursera parcours in which he goes over what he considers the most effective en même temps que-biasing skills and concepts.
allocates attention to the effortful intellectuel activities that demand it, including complex computations. The operations of System 2 are often associated with the subjective experience of agency, choice, and rattachement.